673). Studies of circadian rhythms can be applied to problems ranging from chronic insomnia in frequent transcontinental air travelers to workers in all-night plants being inefficient.
(A) to workers in all-night plants being inefficient
(B) toward workers in all-night plants being inefficient
(C) to workers in all-night plants who are inefficient
(D) to combat worker inefficiency in all-night plants
(E) to decreased efficiency among workers in all-night plants
674). Students in the metropolitan school district lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming ever more dependent on information-based industries.
(A) lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming
(B) lack math skills to a large enough degree that they will be difficult to absorb into a city’s economy that becomes
(C) lack of math skills is so large as to be difficult to absorb them into a city’s economy that becomes
(D) are lacking so much in math skills as to be difficult to absorb into a city’s economy becoming
(E) are so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming
Answers:
673). OA - E - parallel and idiomatic - ..from X to Y - ... from chronic insomnia in frequent transcontinental air travelers to decreased efficiency among workers in all-night plants
A, B, C - incorrect - violating parallelism
B - incorrect - unidiomatic
D - incorrect - changes the meaning
674). (OG 10th Ques no - 103) - OA - E
OE:
A, B - incorrect - lack is modified by a wordy and awkward construction, to such a large degree as to make it difficult to.
B - incorrect - to a large enough degree that is unidiomatic.
C - incorrect - ungrammatical because it uses lack as a noun rather than as a verb: the phrase beginning Students... becomes a dangling element, and them
refers illogically to skills rather than students.
A, B, C - incorrect - all three choices fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms
are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.
D - incorrect - uses the "-ing" forms, but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier.
Sunday, October 19, 2008
Thursday, October 16, 2008
SC's Question number - 675 , 676
675). Studies show that young people with higher-than-average blood pressure and their families have a history of high blood pressure are more likely than others to develop a severe form of the condition.
(A) and their families have a history of high blood pressure
(B) whose families have a history of high blood pressure
(C) and a history of high blood pressure runs in the family
(D) whose families have a history of high blood pressure running in them
(E) with a history of high blood pressure running in their family
676). Studies of the human “sleep-wake cycle” have practical relevance for matters ranging from duty assignments in nuclear submarines and air-traffic control towers to the staff of shifts in 24-hour factories.
(A) to the staff of
(B) to those who staff
(C) to the staffing of
(D) and staffing
(E) and the staff of
Answers:
675). OA - B - ... young people with higher-than-average blood pressure(prepositional phrase modifying young people) whose families have a history of high blood pressure(relative clause)...
A - incorrect - awkward and illogical - young people with higher-than-average blood pressure and their families which have high blood pressure
C, D, E - incorrect - awkward - ...high blood pressure runs/ running in the family...
676). OA - C - idiomatic - ...from..to..
A - incorrect - awkward - ..to the staff of shifts in...
B - incorrect - ambiguous those
D, E - incorrect - unidiomatic
(A) and their families have a history of high blood pressure
(B) whose families have a history of high blood pressure
(C) and a history of high blood pressure runs in the family
(D) whose families have a history of high blood pressure running in them
(E) with a history of high blood pressure running in their family
676). Studies of the human “sleep-wake cycle” have practical relevance for matters ranging from duty assignments in nuclear submarines and air-traffic control towers to the staff of shifts in 24-hour factories.
(A) to the staff of
(B) to those who staff
(C) to the staffing of
(D) and staffing
(E) and the staff of
Answers:
675). OA - B - ... young people with higher-than-average blood pressure(prepositional phrase modifying young people) whose families have a history of high blood pressure(relative clause)...
A - incorrect - awkward and illogical - young people with higher-than-average blood pressure and their families which have high blood pressure
C, D, E - incorrect - awkward - ...high blood pressure runs/ running in the family...
676). OA - C - idiomatic - ...from..to..
A - incorrect - awkward - ..to the staff of shifts in...
B - incorrect - ambiguous those
D, E - incorrect - unidiomatic
Sunday, October 12, 2008
SC's Question number - 677 , 678
677). Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun’s poles or equator.
(A) are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on
(B) are visible as dark spots that never have been sighted on the surface of the Sun
(C) appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at
(D) appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at
(E) appear as dark spots on the Sun’s surface, which have never been sighted on
678). Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.
(A) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal
(B) an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing
(C) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
(D) a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
(E) a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal
Answers:
677). (OG 11th Ques no 9) - OA - A - This sentence clearly and correctly draws a contrast between where sunspots are found and where they are not.
OE: The correct parallel structure in the original sentence emphasizes the contrast between where sunspots are found(are visible...Sun) and where they are not(have never been sighted...equator). Sunspots is the subject of the sentence, are is the verb of the first part of the contrast and have been sighted is the verb of the second.(The adjective visible is a complement and is parallel to the past participle sighted). Both parts of the sentence conclude with phrases indicating location. The contrast itself is indicated by the conjunction but.
B - incorrect - changing the modifying clause so that that never ... Sun distorts the meaning of the sentence; the contrast is lost
C - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject and sighted is not a complete verb
D - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject of the clause and having been sighted is not a complete verb phrase
E - incorrect - The relative pronoun which should immediately follow its referent; here which illogically follows surface and its intended referent, either sunspots or dark spots, becomes unclear
678). OA - A - idiomatic - to deal with
B, C - incorrect - awkward
D, E - incorrect - use of specially is incorrect
NOTE: To stress on the exceptional/ quality, use especial or especially. To stress on the distinctive purpose of something, use special or specially.
Examples:
This laboratory is built specially for research.
(A distinctive purpose)
He did especially well in national games.
(A noteworthy performance)
(A) are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on
(B) are visible as dark spots that never have been sighted on the surface of the Sun
(C) appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at
(D) appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at
(E) appear as dark spots on the Sun’s surface, which have never been sighted on
678). Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.
(A) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal
(B) an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing
(C) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
(D) a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
(E) a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal
Answers:
677). (OG 11th Ques no 9) - OA - A - This sentence clearly and correctly draws a contrast between where sunspots are found and where they are not.
OE: The correct parallel structure in the original sentence emphasizes the contrast between where sunspots are found(are visible...Sun) and where they are not(have never been sighted...equator). Sunspots is the subject of the sentence, are is the verb of the first part of the contrast and have been sighted is the verb of the second.(The adjective visible is a complement and is parallel to the past participle sighted). Both parts of the sentence conclude with phrases indicating location. The contrast itself is indicated by the conjunction but.
B - incorrect - changing the modifying clause so that that never ... Sun distorts the meaning of the sentence; the contrast is lost
C - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject and sighted is not a complete verb
D - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject of the clause and having been sighted is not a complete verb phrase
E - incorrect - The relative pronoun which should immediately follow its referent; here which illogically follows surface and its intended referent, either sunspots or dark spots, becomes unclear
678). OA - A - idiomatic - to deal with
B, C - incorrect - awkward
D, E - incorrect - use of specially is incorrect
NOTE: To stress on the exceptional/ quality, use especial or especially. To stress on the distinctive purpose of something, use special or specially.
Examples:
This laboratory is built specially for research.
(A distinctive purpose)
He did especially well in national games.
(A noteworthy performance)
Saturday, October 11, 2008
SC's Question number - 679, 680
679). Temporary-employment agencies benefit not only from the increasing demand for clerical workers but also the higher profits made when highly paid professionals are placed, requests for whom have increased in the recent wave of corporate takeovers.
(A) the higher profits made when highly paid professionals are placed, requests for whom
(B) the higher profits that are made in the placement of highly paid professionals, requests for whom
(C) from the requests for highly paid professionals, who make higher profits for the agencies when placed and whose requests
(D) from highly paid professionals, whose placement makes higher profits for the agencies and whose requests
(E) from the higher profits made in placing highly paid professionals, requests for whom
680). Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are thriving in the free market conditions permitted by the current Federal Communications Commission.
(A) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are
(B) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once prohibited, is
(C) Developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, as once prohibited by federal regulations, is
(D) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but they are
(E) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but such programs are
Answers:
679). OA - E - parallel - not only from X, but also from Y
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism - ..not only from..but also the..
C, D - incorrect - illogically suggests that requests made by the professionals have increased. Benefit is from profits, and not from requests or from the professionals
680). OA - E
A - incorrect - which incorrectly modifies toys
B - incorrect - B - incorrect - subject verb agreement - Television programs(subject - plural) developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once (appositive), is (verb - singular)
C - incorrect - use of as is incorrect
D - incorrect - ambiguous they
(A) the higher profits made when highly paid professionals are placed, requests for whom
(B) the higher profits that are made in the placement of highly paid professionals, requests for whom
(C) from the requests for highly paid professionals, who make higher profits for the agencies when placed and whose requests
(D) from highly paid professionals, whose placement makes higher profits for the agencies and whose requests
(E) from the higher profits made in placing highly paid professionals, requests for whom
680). Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are thriving in the free market conditions permitted by the current Federal Communications Commission.
(A) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are
(B) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once prohibited, is
(C) Developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, as once prohibited by federal regulations, is
(D) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but they are
(E) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but such programs are
Answers:
679). OA - E - parallel - not only from X, but also from Y
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism - ..not only from..but also the..
C, D - incorrect - illogically suggests that requests made by the professionals have increased. Benefit is from profits, and not from requests or from the professionals
680). OA - E
A - incorrect - which incorrectly modifies toys
B - incorrect - B - incorrect - subject verb agreement - Television programs(subject - plural) developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once (appositive), is (verb - singular)
C - incorrect - use of as is incorrect
D - incorrect - ambiguous they
Wednesday, October 08, 2008
SC's Question number - 681 , 682
681). Textbooks for the used book sale should be in good condition and should have no writing in them or be underlined.
(A) and should have no writing in them or be underlined
(B) and should not have writing in them or not be underlined
(C) and contain no writing or underlining
(D) without containing writing nor be underlined
(E) without having any writing or no underlining in them
682). Tenor George Shirley sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having his debut there as Fernando in Cosifan tulle on October 24, 1961.
(A) sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having
(B) sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having had
(C) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since
(D) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera after
(E) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera subsequently
Answers:
681). OA - C
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism; wordy
C, D - incorrect - double negative
682). OA - C
A, B - incorrect - awkward - since having
D, E - incorrect - distort the meaning
(A) and should have no writing in them or be underlined
(B) and should not have writing in them or not be underlined
(C) and contain no writing or underlining
(D) without containing writing nor be underlined
(E) without having any writing or no underlining in them
682). Tenor George Shirley sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having his debut there as Fernando in Cosifan tulle on October 24, 1961.
(A) sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having
(B) sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having had
(C) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since
(D) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera after
(E) has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera subsequently
Answers:
681). OA - C
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism; wordy
C, D - incorrect - double negative
682). OA - C
A, B - incorrect - awkward - since having
D, E - incorrect - distort the meaning
Monday, October 06, 2008
SC's Question number - 683, 684
683). That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault: Alvin Toffler, one of the most prominent students of the future, did not even mention microcomputers in Future Shock, published in 1970.
(A) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault
(B) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault
(C) It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology
(D) It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
(E) The fact that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said
684). That the new managing editor rose from the publication’s “soft” news sections to a leadership position is more of a landmark in the industry than her being a woman.
(A) her being a woman
(B) being a woman is
(C) her womanhood
(D) that she was a woman
(E) that she is a woman
Answers:
683). (OG 11th Ques no - 50) - OA - D - has the main clause followed by one subordinate clause correctly introduced by that
OE: Although it is possible to begin a sentence with a subordinate clause beginning with that, this inverted construction often results in errors such as those found here. In the original sentence, the subordinate clause that.....technology is followed by the main verb, can..be said, but then the verb is followed by yet another subordinate clause, that it is their fault. The best way to solve this problem is by putting the sentence in the expected order, with the main clause (It can hardly be said) preceding the subordinate clause(that...) For greater clarity and concision, the two subordinate clauses should be condensed into one: educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
A - incorrect - inverting the usual order results in an ungrammatical construction in which the main verb is both preceded and followed by a subordinate clause.
B - incorrect - can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause
C - incorrect - construction that it is..who have not is wordy and awkward; it also distorts meaning and lacks completion
E - incorrect - the fact is wordy; the inverted construction does not successfully convey the meaning of the sentence.
684). OA - E - parallel - that X is..than that Y is... - That the new managing editor rose from the publication’s “soft” news sections to a leadership position is more of a landmark in the industry than that she is a woman
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism, passive - use of being
C - incorrect - wrong comparison - comparing rising to womanhood
D - incorrect - wrong tense
(A) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault
(B) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault
(C) It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology
(D) It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
(E) The fact that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said
684). That the new managing editor rose from the publication’s “soft” news sections to a leadership position is more of a landmark in the industry than her being a woman.
(A) her being a woman
(B) being a woman is
(C) her womanhood
(D) that she was a woman
(E) that she is a woman
Answers:
683). (OG 11th Ques no - 50) - OA - D - has the main clause followed by one subordinate clause correctly introduced by that
OE: Although it is possible to begin a sentence with a subordinate clause beginning with that, this inverted construction often results in errors such as those found here. In the original sentence, the subordinate clause that.....technology is followed by the main verb, can..be said, but then the verb is followed by yet another subordinate clause, that it is their fault. The best way to solve this problem is by putting the sentence in the expected order, with the main clause (It can hardly be said) preceding the subordinate clause(that...) For greater clarity and concision, the two subordinate clauses should be condensed into one: educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
A - incorrect - inverting the usual order results in an ungrammatical construction in which the main verb is both preceded and followed by a subordinate clause.
B - incorrect - can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause
C - incorrect - construction that it is..who have not is wordy and awkward; it also distorts meaning and lacks completion
E - incorrect - the fact is wordy; the inverted construction does not successfully convey the meaning of the sentence.
684). OA - E - parallel - that X is..than that Y is... - That the new managing editor rose from the publication’s “soft” news sections to a leadership position is more of a landmark in the industry than that she is a woman
A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism, passive - use of being
C - incorrect - wrong comparison - comparing rising to womanhood
D - incorrect - wrong tense
SC's Question number - 685 , 686
685). The 19th-century proponents of the school of thought known as mechanism held that life process are not the products of some mysterious life force, but are the same chemical and physical processes that operate in inorganic systems, which is still a subject of debate between biologists today.
(A) systems, which is still a subject of debate between
(B) systems, which are still debated between
(C) systems still debated among
(D) systems, a theory still debated by
(E) systems, a theory still debated between
686). The aim of the new regulations is to make it easier for prospective homeowners to have funds available for energy improvement in their new houses.
(A) to make it easier for prospective homeowners to have
(B) to make easier for prospective homeowners the having of
(C) making it easier for prospective homeowners so they can have
(D) that prospective homeowners more easily can have
(E) for prospective homeowners to more easily have
Answers:
685). OA - D
A, B, E - incorrect - use of between is wrong
C - incorrect - changes the meaning, awkward - inorganic systems still debated among biologists today
686). OA - A - Parallel - ...to make...to have...
B - incorrect - wrong tense - ...make...having..
C, D, E - incorrect - awkward
(A) systems, which is still a subject of debate between
(B) systems, which are still debated between
(C) systems still debated among
(D) systems, a theory still debated by
(E) systems, a theory still debated between
686). The aim of the new regulations is to make it easier for prospective homeowners to have funds available for energy improvement in their new houses.
(A) to make it easier for prospective homeowners to have
(B) to make easier for prospective homeowners the having of
(C) making it easier for prospective homeowners so they can have
(D) that prospective homeowners more easily can have
(E) for prospective homeowners to more easily have
Answers:
685). OA - D
A, B, E - incorrect - use of between is wrong
C - incorrect - changes the meaning, awkward - inorganic systems still debated among biologists today
686). OA - A - Parallel - ...to make...to have...
B - incorrect - wrong tense - ...make...having..
C, D, E - incorrect - awkward
Saturday, October 04, 2008
SC's Question number - 687 , 688
687). The airline industry is cutting its lowest discount fares more widely, more substantially, and earlier this year than it normally does at the end of the summer, a time during which travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares for the attraction of passengers.
(A) during which travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares for the attraction of
(B) during which travel usually decreases and therefore the industry will use some lower fares for the attraction of
(C) in which travel usually decreases and in which the industry therefore uses some lower fares attracting
(D) when travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares to attract
(E) when travel usually decreases and therefore the industry will use lower fares for the attraction of
688). The American Medical Association has argued that the rapidly rising costs associated with malpractice litigation are driving doctors from the profession and that reform of the tort system is imperative for bringing malpractice insurance premiums under control.
(A) that reform of the tort system is imperative for bringing malpractice insurance premiums
(B) that reform of the tort system is imperative if malpractice insurance premiums are to be brought
(C) that reform of the tort system is imperative to bring malpractice insurance premiums
(D) reform of the tort system is necessary in bringing malpractice insurance premiums
(E) the tort system needs to be reformed so that malpractice insurance premiums are brought
Answers:
687). OA - D
A, B - incorrect - use of during
C - incorrect - awkward
E - incorrect - wordy
688). OA - C - effect + imperative to + cause(infinitive)
A - incorrect - imperative for bringing
B - incorrect - awkward
D, E - incorrect - violating parallelism - right form -- argue that X and that Y
(A) during which travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares for the attraction of
(B) during which travel usually decreases and therefore the industry will use some lower fares for the attraction of
(C) in which travel usually decreases and in which the industry therefore uses some lower fares attracting
(D) when travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares to attract
(E) when travel usually decreases and therefore the industry will use lower fares for the attraction of
688). The American Medical Association has argued that the rapidly rising costs associated with malpractice litigation are driving doctors from the profession and that reform of the tort system is imperative for bringing malpractice insurance premiums under control.
(A) that reform of the tort system is imperative for bringing malpractice insurance premiums
(B) that reform of the tort system is imperative if malpractice insurance premiums are to be brought
(C) that reform of the tort system is imperative to bring malpractice insurance premiums
(D) reform of the tort system is necessary in bringing malpractice insurance premiums
(E) the tort system needs to be reformed so that malpractice insurance premiums are brought
Answers:
687). OA - D
A, B - incorrect - use of during
C - incorrect - awkward
E - incorrect - wordy
688). OA - C - effect + imperative to + cause(infinitive)
A - incorrect - imperative for bringing
B - incorrect - awkward
D, E - incorrect - violating parallelism - right form -- argue that X and that Y
Friday, October 03, 2008
SC's Question number - 689 , 690
689). The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated, never more pronounced than in recent debates over environmentalism and pollution control.
(A) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated, never
(B) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated, never being
(C) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated has never been
(D) Between those who regulate and those who are regulated, such animosity was never
(E) Between those who regulate and between those regulated, such animosity has never been
690). The argument that the dominant form of family structure today is not the nuclear family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families, the amount of vertical and horizontal communication between family subunits, and the extent to which family members offer assistance to one another.
(A) family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(B) family, but is instead a family that is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
(C) family, which has been modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(D) family but a modified extended family is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(E) family, but also a modified and extended family, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
Answers:
689). OA - C
A - incorrect - sentence fragment
B - incorrect - use of being
D, E - incorrect - awkward, meaning not clear
690). OA - D
A - incorrect - ambiguous it
B, C, E - incorrect - violating parallelism
(A) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated, never
(B) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated, never being
(C) The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated has never been
(D) Between those who regulate and those who are regulated, such animosity was never
(E) Between those who regulate and between those regulated, such animosity has never been
690). The argument that the dominant form of family structure today is not the nuclear family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families, the amount of vertical and horizontal communication between family subunits, and the extent to which family members offer assistance to one another.
(A) family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(B) family, but is instead a family that is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
(C) family, which has been modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(D) family but a modified extended family is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families
(E) family, but also a modified and extended family, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist
Answers:
689). OA - C
A - incorrect - sentence fragment
B - incorrect - use of being
D, E - incorrect - awkward, meaning not clear
690). OA - D
A - incorrect - ambiguous it
B, C, E - incorrect - violating parallelism
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