SC's Question number - 651 , 652

651). Recent psychological studies indicate that if children associate with and play with other children, they will experience fewer psychological problems and develop quicker socially than children that lead relatively isolated lives.

(A) play with other children, they will experience fewer psychological problems and develop quicker socially than

(B) play with other children, they experience fewer psychological problems and develop quicker socially than do

(C) played with other children, they experienced fewer psychological problems and develop quicker socially than will

(D) play with other children, they will experience fewer psychological problems and develop more quickly socially than do

(E) played with other children, they have experienced fewer psychological problems and have developed more quickly socially than do

652). As envisioned by researchers, commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round, taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize its sizes and colors, and to predict sales volume in advance.

(A) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize

(B) taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize

(C) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardizing

(D) take advantage of off-season demand, standardizing

(E) take advantage of off-season demand, to standardize


Answers:

651). OA - D - parallel, idiomatic, right comparison - if X happens Y will happen - ...associate with....play with other children, they will experience fewer psychological problems and develop(verb) more quickly(adverb) socially than do...

A, B - incorrect - we need an adverb to modify a verb - ...develop(verb) quicker(adjective)

C, E - incorrect - violating parallelism - ...associate with...played with...

652). OA - B - parallel - .... to sell...to standardize...to predict...

A, C, D - incorrect - violating parallelism

E - incorrect - violating parallelism, modifier error

SC's Question no - 667 , 668

667). Spanning more than fifty years, Friedrich Muller began his career in an unpromising apprenticeship as a Sanskrit scholar and culminated in virtually every honor that European governments and learned societies could bestow.

(A) Muller began his career in an unpromising apprenticeship as

(B) Muller’s career began in an unpromising apprenticeship as

(C) Muller’s career began with the unpromising apprenticeship of being

(D) Muller had begun his career with the unpromising apprenticeship of being

(E) the career of Muller has begun with an unpromising apprenticeship of

668). South Korea has witnessed the world’s most dramatic growth of Christian congregations; church membership is expanding by 6.6 percent a year, fully two-thirds of the growth coming from conversions rather than the population increasing.

(A) coming from conversions rather than the population increasing

(B) coming from conversions rather than increases in the population

(C) coming from conversions instead of the population’s increasing

(D) is from conversions instead of population increases

(E) is from conversions rather than increasing the population


Answers:

667). (OG 10th Ques no - 235) - OA - B - idiomatic - apprenticeship as

OE: The best answer, B, uses the logical and grammatically correct construction. Spanning more than fifty years, Friedrich Muller's career began . . . and culminated. Note that the noun phrase appearing after the comma is modified by Spanning and serves as the subject of began and culminated. Choice A produces an illogical statement by placing Friedrich Muller in this subject position. Choice C corrects this error but produces an unidiomatic construction by using apprenticeship of being instead of apprenticeship as. Choice D repeats both this error and the subject error of A. D and E needlessly change the simple past tense began to the past perfect had begun and the present perfect has begun, respectively, and E uses apprenticeship of, which is unidiomatic in this context.

A, D - incorrect - modifier error - Spanning more than fifty years should modify Friedrich Muller's career and not Friedrich Muller

C - incorrect - unidiomatic: apprenticeship of being

E - incorrect - awkward, unidiomatic: apprenticeship of; wrong tense: has begun

668). OA - B - parallel - coming from conversions rather than increases in the population

A, C - incorrect - violating parallelism

D - incorrect - use of instead of is wrong: Instead of is a preposition and can introduce only a phrase i.e no verb
http://gmat-grammar.blogspot.com/2006/06/rather-than-vs-instead-of.html

E - incorrect - comma splice run on error
http://gmat-grammar.blogspot.com/2007/01/editing-comma-splices.html

SC's Question number - 673 , 674

673). Studies of circadian rhythms can be applied to problems ranging from chronic insomnia in frequent transcontinental air travelers to workers in all-night plants being inefficient.

(A) to workers in all-night plants being inefficient

(B) toward workers in all-night plants being inefficient

(C) to workers in all-night plants who are inefficient

(D) to combat worker inefficiency in all-night plants

(E) to decreased efficiency among workers in all-night plants

674). Students in the metropolitan school district lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming ever more dependent on information-based industries.

(A) lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming

(B) lack math skills to a large enough degree that they will be difficult to absorb into a city’s economy that becomes

(C) lack of math skills is so large as to be difficult to absorb them into a city’s economy that becomes

(D) are lacking so much in math skills as to be difficult to absorb into a city’s economy becoming

(E) are so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming


Answers:

673). OA - E - parallel and idiomatic - ..from X to Y - ... from chronic insomnia in frequent transcontinental air travelers to decreased efficiency among workers in all-night plants

A, B, C - incorrect - violating parallelism

B - incorrect - unidiomatic

D - incorrect - changes the meaning

674). (OG 10th Ques no - 103) - OA - E
OE:
A, B - incorrect - lack is modified by a wordy and awkward construction, to such a large degree as to make it difficult to.

B - incorrect - to a large enough degree that is unidiomatic.

C - incorrect - ungrammatical because it uses lack as a noun rather than as a verb: the phrase beginning Students... becomes a dangling element, and them
refers illogically to skills rather than students.

A, B, C - incorrect - all three choices fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms
are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.

D - incorrect - uses the "-ing" forms, but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier.

SC's Question number - 677 , 678

677). Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun’s poles or equator.

(A) are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on

(B) are visible as dark spots that never have been sighted on the surface of the Sun

(C) appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at

(D) appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at

(E) appear as dark spots on the Sun’s surface, which have never been sighted on

678). Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.

(A) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal

(B) an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing

(C) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing

(D) a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal

(E) a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal


Answers:

677). (OG 11th Ques no 9) - OA - A - This sentence clearly and correctly draws a contrast between where sunspots are found and where they are not.

OE: The correct parallel structure in the original sentence emphasizes the contrast between where sunspots are found(are visible...Sun) and where they are not(have never been sighted...equator). Sunspots is the subject of the sentence, are is the verb of the first part of the contrast and have been sighted is the verb of the second.(The adjective visible is a complement and is parallel to the past participle sighted). Both parts of the sentence conclude with phrases indicating location. The contrast itself is indicated by the conjunction but.

B - incorrect - changing the modifying clause so that that never ... Sun distorts the meaning of the sentence; the contrast is lost

C - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject and sighted is not a complete verb

D - incorrect - Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject of the clause and having been sighted is not a complete verb phrase

E - incorrect - The relative pronoun which should immediately follow its referent; here which illogically follows surface and its intended referent, either sunspots or dark spots, becomes unclear

678). OA - A - idiomatic - to deal with

B, C - incorrect - awkward

D, E - incorrect - use of specially is incorrect


NOTE: To stress on the exceptional/ quality, use especial or especially. To stress on the distinctive purpose of something, use special or specially.
Examples:
This laboratory is built specially for research.
(A distinctive purpose)
He did especially well in national games.
(A noteworthy performance)

SC's Question number - 679, 680

679). Temporary-employment agencies benefit not only from the increasing demand for clerical workers but also the higher profits made when highly paid professionals are placed, requests for whom have increased in the recent wave of corporate takeovers.

(A) the higher profits made when highly paid professionals are placed, requests for whom

(B) the higher profits that are made in the placement of highly paid professionals, requests for whom

(C) from the requests for highly paid professionals, who make higher profits for the agencies when placed and whose requests

(D) from highly paid professionals, whose placement makes higher profits for the agencies and whose requests

(E) from the higher profits made in placing highly paid professionals, requests for whom

680). Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are thriving in the free market conditions permitted by the current Federal Communications Commission.

(A) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are

(B) Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once prohibited, is

(C) Developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, as once prohibited by federal regulations, is

(D) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but they are

(E) Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but such programs are

Answers:

679). OA - E - parallel - not only from X, but also from Y

A, B - incorrect - violating parallelism - ..not only from..but also the..

C, D - incorrect - illogically suggests that requests made by the professionals have increased. Benefit is from profits, and not from requests or from the professionals

680). OA - E

A - incorrect - which incorrectly modifies toys

B - incorrect - B - incorrect - subject verb agreement - Television programs(subject - plural) developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once (appositive), is (verb - singular)

C - incorrect - use of as is incorrect

D - incorrect - ambiguous they

SC's Question number - 705 , 706

705). The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus, which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting the distant planet.

(A) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

(B) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit

(C) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known in orbit around

(D) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

(E) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known that orbit

706). The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population on the eve of the First World War was 51,919.

(A) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population

(B) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population

(C) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population

(D) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that

(E) Bosnia-Herzegovina, the population of Sarajevo


Answers:

705). (OG10th Ques no - 49) - OA - B

OE: The pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.

A, C, E - incorrect - which seems to refer to a vague concept involving the detection of moons, but there is no specific noun, such as detection, to which it can refer. Also in E, the use of the phrasing the number... now known that
orbit is ungrammatical and unclear. (In other words which is wrongly referring to Uranus)

B, D - incorrect - use the correct participial form, doubling, to modify the preceding clause, but D, like A, uses known as orbiting rather than known to orbit, a phrase that is more idiomatic in context.

706). OA - B - whose is correctly referring to population

A, E - incorrect - modifier error

C - incorrect - ...with...was...

D - incorrect - awkward

SC's Question number - 713 , 714

713). The commission has directed advertisers to restrict the use of the word “natural” to foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or nothing that has been synthesized.

(A) or nothing that has been

(B) or that has been

(C) and nothing that is

(D) or anything that has been

(E) and anything

714). The commission proposed that funding for the park’s development, which could be open to the public early next year, is obtained through a local bond issue.

(A) that funding for the park’s development, which could be open to the public early next year, is

(B) that funding for development of the park, which could be open to the public early next year, be

(C) funding for the development of the park, perhaps open to the public early next year, to be

(D) funds for the park’s development, perhaps open to the public early next year, be

(E) development funding for the park, which could be open to the public early next year, is to be

Answers:

713). (OG 11th Ques no - 14) - OA - D - not X, Y, or Z

A, C - incorrect - double negative - ...not...nothing...

B - incorrect - that has been synthesized distorts the meaning by referring to foods, rather than to something added to a food

E - incorrect - and distorts the meaning and violates parallelism. List of prohibited ingredients must be connected by or

714). (OG 10th Ques no - 164) - OA - B

OE: Choice B is best.

A - incorrect - attaches the relative clause which could be open ... to the noun development, when, in fact, it is the park that could be open.

C - incorrect - omits that, the object of proposed that is needed to
introduce the clause describing the proposal. C also uses to be unidiomatically where be is correct: the commission proposed [that] funding ... to be obtained is wrong.

D - incorrect - incorrectly uses perhaps open to the public ... to modify development; the phrase should modify park.

E - incorrect - distorts meaning, says that the commission proposed development funding and that such funding could be open to the public ....

SC's Question number - 733 , 734

733). The distribution of mass within the core of the Earth, like the mantle that surrounds the core, has been deduced from the orbital behavior of the Earth and the motions of satellites controlled by the gravity of the Earth.

(A) the mantle that surrounds the core

(B) that within the mantle surrounding the core

(C) that of the mantle surrounding the core

(D) the mantle the core surrounds

(E) the distribution of mass within the mantle that surrounds the core

734). The domesticated camel, which some scholars date around the twelfth century B.C., was the key to the development of the spice trade in the ancient world.

(A) The domesticated camel, which some scholars date

(B) The domesticated camel, which some scholars having thought to occur

(C) Domesticating the camel, dated by some scholars at

(D) The domestication of the camel, thought by some scholars to have occurred

(E) The camel’s domestication, dated by some scholars to have been

Answers:

733). OA - B - right comparison - comparing the distribution of mass within the core and that within the mantle surrounding the core

A - incorrect - wrongly compares the distribution of mass within the core of the earth to the mantle

C - incorrect - wrongly compares distribution of mass within the core of the Earth to the distribution of the mantle

D - incorrect - wrongly compares distribution of mass to the mantle

E - incorrect - wordy

734). OA - D

A, B - incorrect - illogically suggest that camel instead of process of domesticating the camel was the key

C - incorrect - modifier error

E - incorrect - wrong structure. Correct structure: noun+be verb+noun/adjective
Beautiful explanation by Erin here

SC's Question number - 747 , 748

747). The fastest of mammals, cheetah’s bodies are geared to accelerate from one to forty miles per hour in less than two seconds and reach speeds of seventy miles per hour.

(A) The fastest of mammals, cheetah’s bodies are geared to

(B) The fastest of mammals, the body of cheetah’s bodies is able to

(C) Faster than other mammals, the body of the cheetah is geared to

(D) The fastest of mammals, the cheetah can

(E) The cheetah, the fastest of mammals, have bodies that can

748). The fear of rabies is well founded; few people are known to recover from the disease after the appearance of the clinical symptoms.

(A) few people are known to recover from the disease after the appearance of the clinical symptoms

(B) few people are known to have recovered from the disease once the clinical symptoms have appeared

(C) there are few known people who have recovered from the disease once the clinical symptoms have appeared

(D) after the clinical symptoms appear, there are few known people who have recovered from the disease

(E) recovery from the disease is known for only a few people after the clinical symptoms appear

Answers:

747). OA - D

A, B, C - incorrect - modifier error - The fastest of mammals incorrectly modifying bodies

E - incorrect - subject verb agreement - The cheetah(singular), the fastest of mammals, have(plural) bodies that can

748). Given OA - B...however IMO answer should be A for this question - fear of rabies is well founded is a fact till date...people have recovered and are still recovering till date

B - incorrect - wrong tense

C, D - incorrect - wordy - there are

E - incorrect - awkward

SC's Question number - 781 , 782

781). The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.

(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.

(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980’s and cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars

782). The most common reasons for an employee’s unwillingness to accept a transfer are that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and the difficulty of selling the old home.

(A) that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and the difficulty of selling the old home

(B) that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and that it is difficult to sell the old home

(C) high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and that the old home is difficult to sell

(D) high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and it is difficult to sell the old home

(E) high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and the difficulty of selling the old home


Answers:

781). OA - E

A, D - incorrect - modifier error - which is incorrectly modifying 51 million dollars in A and steel mill in D

B, C - incorrect - use of hopefully wrong

782). OA - E

A, B, C, D - incorrect - violating parallelism

SC's Question number - 787 , 788

787). The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(A) The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(B) To the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote two letters, being the only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

(C) The only eyewitness account is in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

(D) Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder’s nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.

(E) In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

788). The new contract forbids a strike by the transportation union.

(A) forbids a strike by the transportation union

(B) forbids the transportation union from striking

(C) forbids that there be a strike by the transportation union

(D) will forbid the transportation union from striking

(E) will forbid that the transportation union strikes


Answers:

787). (OG 10th Ques no - 256) - OA - E
OE: E, the best choice, conveys its meaning clearly, without ambiguity, and uses straightforward syntax.

A - incorrect - the placement of the phrase in two letters to the historian Tacitus generates ambiguity: the nonsensical suggestion is that the eruption of Vesuvius took place in the letters themselves.

B - incorrect - the verb phrase that begins being the only eyewitness accounts modifies the subject of the preceding clause, suggesting nonsensically that the nephew of Pliny the Elder himself was the eyewitness accounts. Furthermore, To the historian Tacitus, the nephew... wrote two letters is unnecessarily clumsy.

C - incorrect - the meaning of the sentence is unclear (The only eyewitness account of what?), the repetition of account is clumsy, and the syntax is highly
convoluted (... in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account...).

D - incorrect - writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder's nephew accounted is redundant, and the placement of in two letters to the historian Tacitus generates ambiguity, suggesting under one available reading that the eruption took place in the letters

788). OA - A

Correct idiom is x forbids y to do z or x prohibits y from doing z thus A is equivalent to - The new contract forbids the transportation union to strike

B - incorrect - unidiomatic - ...forbid...from.. http://www.bartleby.com/68/83/2583.html

C - incorrect - wordy - ..there be...

D, E - incorrect - use of will is wrong....simple present tense is required here. Further contract (singular) so we need forbids(singular).

SC's Question number - 801 , 802

801). The pattern of whisker spot on the face of a male lion, like human fingerprints, are a lifelong means of identification, since they are both unique and unchanging.

(A) like human fingerprints, are a lifelong means of identification, since they are both unique and unchanging

(B) like human fingerprints, is a lifelong means of identification, since it is both unique and unchanging

(C) like human fingerprints, is a means of identification for life, being both unique and unchanging

(D) since they are both unique and unchanging, are, like human fingerprints, are a means of identification for life

(E) both unique and unchanging, are, like human fingerprints, a lifelong means of identification


802). The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them: the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as “standing waves.”

(A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are

(B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are

(C) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is

(D) stationary crests and troughs although he air that forms them is moving rapidly, are

(E) stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

Answers:

801). OA - B

A, D, E - incorrect - subject verb agreement - ....The pattern of whisker...are a lifelong...

C - incorrect - use of being. Further being both unique and
unchanging is incorrectly modifying life

802). (OG 10th Ques No - 205) - OA - C

OE: The main challenge in this sentence is to observe the agreement of subject and verb (the resulting flow pattern... is known...) despite the distraction of a complex intervening structure containing several plural
elements (with crests and troughs...). C, the best choice, uses the correct verb form, is, and correctly puts the although clause inside the predicate of the relative clause (that... rapidly).

A, B, D - incorrect - use an incorrect plural verb form, are.

D, E - incorrect - incorrectly introduces a dependent adverbial although clause into a prepositional phrase (with crests ..). Such dependent clauses can only occur in the predicates of full clauses.

SC's Question number - 803 , 804

803). The period when the great painted caves at Lascaux and Altamira were occupied by Upper Paleolithic people has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are the reason for their decoration, the use to which primitive people put the caves, and the meaning of the magnificently depicted animals.

(A) has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are

(B) has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine is

(C) have been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine is

(D) have been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are

(E) are established by carbon-14 dating, but that which is much more difficult to determine is


804). The physical structure of the human eye enables it to sense light of wavelengths up to 0.0005 millimeters; infrared radiation, however, is invisible because its wavelength—0.1 millimeters—is too long to be registered by the eye.

(A) infrared radiation, however, is invisible because its wavelength—0.1 millimeters—is too long to be registered by the eye

(B) however, the wavelength of infrared radiation—0.1 millimeters—is too long to be registered by the eye making it invisible

(C) infrared radiation, however, is invisible because its wavelength—0.1 millimeters—is too long for the eye to register it

(D) however, because the wavelength of infrared radiation is 0.1 millimeters, it is too long for the eye to register and thus invisible

(E) however, infrared radiation has a wavelength of 0.1 millimeters that is too long for the eye to register, thus making it invisible

Answers:

803). (OG 10th Ques No - 211) OA - B
OE from OG 10th: Two instances of subject-verb agreement must be observed in this sentence: The period ... has been established and what is much more difficult to determine ... is. Both clauses have singular subjects and must have singular verbs.
A - incorrect - uses the plural form are in the second clause.
C, D - incorrect - use the plural form have in the first clause, and D incorrectly uses are in the second clause as well.
E - incorrect - uses the plural form are in the first clause.
Furthermore, because the date of the period in question was established before the writing of the sentence, the verb of that clause must be in the present perfect form (has been established).

804). (OG 10th Ques no 234) - OA - A
OE from OG 10th - Choice A, the best answer, is clear, idiomatic, and grammatically correct.
B - incorrect - the misplaced participial phrase making it invisible modifies eye rather than wavelength, thus producing a confusing statement that distorts the
meaning.
C, D, E - incorrect - the use of the second it is so imprecise as to be confusing. Furthermore, in D, and thus invisible incorrectly modifies wavelength rather than infrared radiation.
E - incorrect - produces an illogical statement by using a restrictive clause introduced by that where a comma followed by the nonrestrictive "which"
is required: a wavelength of 0.1 millimeters that is too long nonsensically suggests that not all wavelengths of 0.1 millimeters are too long for the eye to register.